Why Turkey is Associated with Thanksgiving: A Tasty Tradition

Thanksgiving is a time-honored American holiday that conjures up images of family gatherings, gratitude, and—most notably—a feast centered around a golden-brown turkey. But have you ever wondered why turkey has become synonymous with Thanksgiving?

The Origins of Thanksgiving

The first Thanksgiving dates back to 1621, when Pilgrims and Native Americans gathered for a three-day harvest feast in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Historians believe that wild fowl, including ducks and geese, were part of the menu. However, there’s no definitive evidence that turkey was the star of that meal. So, how did turkey rise to fame in later years?

Turkey: A Practical Choice

By the time Thanksgiving became an official national holiday in the 19th century, thanks to President Abraham Lincoln’s 1863 proclamation, turkey had already become a popular choice for the festive meal. There are a few reasons for this:

1. Availability: Turkeys were native to North America and were abundant in the wild. Early settlers and farmers found them easy to hunt or raise.
2. Size: A single turkey could feed a large group, making it ideal for family gatherings.
3. Symbolism: Turkeys were seen as a uniquely American bird, distinguishing them from more European imports like chicken or beef. This tied in nicely with the holiday’s theme of celebrating American heritage.

The Influence of Sarah Josepha Hale

One key figure in solidifying turkey's place on the Thanksgiving table was Sarah Josepha Hale, a writer and magazine editor. Hale campaigned for Thanksgiving to become a national holiday and, in doing so, promoted the idea of a feast featuring turkey. Her 1827 novel Northwood included a detailed description of a Thanksgiving meal, with roast turkey at its heart. Through her writing and advocacy, she helped shape the holiday’s traditions, including the menu.

The Role of Tradition

Once turkey became established as the go-to dish for Thanksgiving, the tradition stuck. Families passed down recipes, and over time, turkey became a fixture on Thanksgiving tables across the country. The bird’s association with abundance, celebration, and unity solidified its place in American culture.

Modern-Day Thanksgiving

Today, turkey remains a beloved part of the Thanksgiving meal, with millions of Americans roasting, frying, or grilling turkeys each year. Whether served with classic sides like stuffing, cranberry sauce, and mashed potatoes or modern variations, turkey is a symbol of gratitude, togetherness, and the spirit of Thanksgiving.

In essence, turkey’s association with Thanksgiving is a mix of practicality, symbolism, and tradition—factors that have cemented it as an essential part of the holiday's history and celebration.